DARPA - Uji Coba Pesawat Hypersonic, FALCON HTV - 2

Thursday, September 1, 2011

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) 
DARPA adalah sebuah lembaga dari Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat  yang bertanggung jawab untuk pengembangan teknologi baru untuk kepentingan  militer . DARPA telah bertanggung jawab untuk pendanaan pembangunan dari banyak teknologi yang memiliki pengaruh besar pada dunia, termasuk jaringan komputer , serta NLS , hypertext sistem, dan prekursor penting bagi kontemporer bagi pengguna grafis .

Nama aslinya adalah Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), tetapi namanya diubah menjadi "DARPA" (Pertahanan) pada Maret 1972, kemudian berganti nama " ARPA "lagi pada bulan Februari 1993, dan kemudian berganti nama menjadi" DARPA "lagi di bulan Maret 1996.

DARPA didirikan pada 1958 (sebagai ARPA) sebagai tanggapan terhadap  peluncuran Sputnik Soviet pada tahun 1957, dengan misi menjaga militer AS dari teknologi yang lebih canggih.

Dan saat ini DARPA telah merilis rekaman video dari misi uji coba mereka yaitu menerbangkan pesawat hypersonik pertama di dunia. Akan tetapi ketika melakukan uji coba, pesawat falcon HTV-2 kemudian hilang dan diduga telah jatuh di tengah laut.





Militer Amerika Serikat (AS) kehilangan kontak dengan sebuah pesawat hipersonik (hypersonic) eksperimental di Samudera Pasifik. Menurut Turner Brinton dari Space News, DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) kehilangan kontak dengan kendaraan Falcon Hypersonic Technology Vehicle (HTV)-2 sembilan menit setelah diluncurkan.



HTV-2 merupakan pesawat pertama dari serangkaian eksperimen penerbangan. Rencananya, teknologi yang bisa dikerahkan untuk rudal-rudal konvensional jarak jauh di masa depan.

“Kendaraan tersebut diluncurkan dari Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Vandenberg di California, dengan sebuah roket Minotaur 4,” kata Brinton, .

.

Dibangun oleh Lockheed Martin Corp., pesawat HTV-2 meluncur di atas Samudera Pasifik dengan kecepatan 20 ribu kilometer per jam selama 30 menit. “Namun, sembilan menit setelah meluncur, DARPA kehilangan kontak dengan pesawat, dan penyebab kegagalan itu belum diketahui,” ujarnya.

PENERBANGAN DARI FALCON 

Nama: Falcon HTV-2 

Misi: Untuk menyediakan Militer AS dengan pertama dalam generasi baru sub-orbital weaons. 

Top speed: 13.000 mph atau Mach 22. Sebuah MiG-25 biasanya bisa mencapai Mach 2,3, atau 1.520 mph 

Length: 12ft panjang

Berat: 900kg

Bahan: Terbuat dari bahan percobaan yang dapat menahan sampai 3.500 f (2000C) 

Biaya: $ 308million (£ 189million),  

Payload: Berpotensi apapun hingga £ 12.000, termasuk bom nuklir. 


Kisaran: Di mana saja di dunia dalam waktu kurang dari 60 menit



Namun, Frank James dari NPR mencatat bahwa dalam masa-masa awal percobaan teknologi pertahanan, proyek militer teknologi tinggi biasanya ditandai dengan sejumlah kegagalan.



Program angkasa luar AS pada akhir 1950-an juga terdapat kegagalan, jadi tidak heran, tes yang dilakukan militer pekan lalu untuk menguji Falcon dan menguji konsep pesawat hipersonik yang bisa melanglang buana dengan kecepatan hingga 20 kali lebih cepat dibanding kecepatan suara, juga mengalami kegagalan.

Ide dari teknologi ini adalah menciptakan sebuah pesawat yang bisa mencapai lokasi-lokasi di Bumi dalam hitungan menit.

Perbandingan kecepatan falcon HTV - 2 dengan Jet Tempur


Sebagai bagian pelengkap untuk video, DARPA juga merilis simulasi perbandingan kecepatan antara Falcon, C-5 dan sebuah jet tempur F-18, yang menunjukkan perbedaan kecepata yang cukup fantastis.

Falcon saat ini sedang dikembangkan oleh DARPA dan Pentagon sebagai bagian dari penelitian dari generasi baru dan juga sebagai senjata yang memiliki potensi untuk menyerang negara-negara jahat mana pun di bumi dalam waktu kurang dari 60 menit.

Namun, diharapkan suatu hari nanti mereka bisa mengembangkan jarak jauh penerbangan hipersonik yang realitas sampai dengan 20 kali kecepatan suara dan  akan memangkas waktu terbang dari London ke Sydney hanya dalam satu jam.

Falcon mencapai  kecepatan tinggi  karena beratnya sendiri yang turun melalui atmosfer bumi, tetapi juga karena mesin eksperimental  yang dirancang untuk berjalan/melaju  pada kecepatan yang ekstrim.



Tes penerbangan ditampilkan dalam video DARPA adalah upaya kedua tim untuk membuat fiksi ilmiah menjadi kenyataan. Tes pertama harus dibatalkan tahun lalu setelah sistem nya terdeteksi telah mengalami  kesalahan.

Anda bisa melihat video yang dirilis oleh DARPA dibawah ini :





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